Calidad de vida percibida, neuroticismo y clase social percibida: estudio correlacional comparativo

Abstract

La calidad de vida percibida es un potente indicador del estado general de las personas. Esta cobra particular relevancia dada la coyuntura socioeconómica de la Argentina. Así mismo, el neuroticismo y la clase social percibida se han identificado como potenciales predictores del bienestar de los individuos. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental de alcance correlacional con el objetivo de analizar la relación entre la calidad de vida percibida y el neuroticismo, realizando comparaciones según la clase social percibida. Mediante un muestreo no probabilístico se seleccionaron 65 adultos residentes en Buenos Aires (35 de clase social percibida baja-media baja y 30 de clase media) y se les administró el Inventario de Calidad de Vida percibida y el Banco de ítems de Neuroticismo. Mediante análisis no paramétricos se verificó que la calidad de vida percibida y el neuroticismo se asocian inversamente pero solo en sujetos que se perciben de clase baja-media baja. Además se observaron mayores niveles de calidad de vida percibida en quienes se perciben de clase media. También se encontró un perfil diferencial según la clase social percibida para gran parte de los puntajes específicos de las distintas áreas vitales. Estos resultados conllevan prometedoras implicancias prácticas y sociales.

Perceived quality of life is a powerful indicator of people's general state. This is particularly relevant given the socioeconomic situation in Argentina. Likewise, Neuroticism and perceived social class have been identified as potential predictors of individual well-being. A quantitative, non-experimental study of correlational scope was carried out with the aim of analyzing the relationship between perceived quality of life and Neuroticism, making comparisons according to perceived social class. By means of a non-probabilistic sampling, 65 adults living in Buenos Aires were selected (35 of low to lower-middle perceived social class and 30 of middle class) and were administered the Perceived Quality of Life Inventory and the Neuroticism item bank. By means of nonparametric analyses, it was verified that perceived quality of life and neuroticism were inversely associated, but only in subjects who perceived themselves as low middle class. In addition, higher levels of perceived quality of life were observed in those who perceived themselves as middle class. A differential profile according to perceived social class was also found for a large part of the specific scores in the different vital areas. These results have promising practical and social implications.