Violencia laboral, contexto social y subjetividad

Abstract

Desarrollos teóricos han definido a la sociedad actual como sociedad del cansancio en la que el sujeto se violenta a sí mismo (Han, 2015), experimentando como forma de existencia un vacío de sentido (Frankl, 1991), en una sobremodernidad de hiperaceleración, individualismo de consumo y pérdida del sentido (Auge, 1993). Al adquirir el mundo del trabajo una dimensión relevante en la constitución del psiquisimo, la categoría de la intersubjetividad –y como especial modo de configurarse la violencia laboral -juega un rol decisivo en las vivencias de bienestar o sufrimiento laboral, sentido o sinsentido en el trabajo, como construcción intra e intersubjetiva de los proyectos de vida laborales de los sujetos. (Pérez Jáuregui, 2015, 2017, 2018). En esta línea de pensamiento se ha conceptualizado a la violencia laboral como una de las temáticas relevantes a ser considerada desde distintas disciplinas científicas, debido a su lugar actual, abordada en la complejidad de su construcción y sentido. Este artículo analiza dicha problemática en el mundo del trabajo y de las organizaciones del contexto actual, desde un enfoque fenomenológico-existencial, integrando la lectura descriptiva fenomenológica y la hermenéutica del sentido existencial. La autora dirige una investigación sobre “Proyectos de Vida y Liderazgos” en el marco del Departamento de Investigaciones (UCES), integrando diversos niveles de análisis: el individual (referido a la estructuración subjetiva del sujeto), el grupal (la dinámica y tipo de interacción con otros sujetos en el mundo laboral) y el organizacional/social (cultura, valores y rasgos predominantes en el contexto social). En dicha investigación se pone especial énfasis en evaluar el interjuego de estas variables en las modalidades de construcción de proyectos de vida laborales. Los proyectos de vida laborales como constructo teórico pueden ser abordados empíricamente a través de indicadores de rasgos centrales en el establecimiento de intersubjetividades, en los que la problemática de la violencia laboral juega un papel significativo generador de sufrimiento en las subjetividades implicadas. Este artículo expone el marco conceptual que le da soporte de referencia a la investigación en curso, profundizando en un aspecto particular de la misma, la violencia laboral en el mundo cotidiano, analizada desde las lecturas: 1. Informativa, descriptiva (fenomenológica), 2. Interpretativa (Hermenéutica del sentido) y 3. Mayéutica (Saurí, 1982).

Theoretical developments have defined today's society as a society of fatigue in which the subject violates himself (Han, 2015) , experiencing as a form of existence a void of meaning (Frankl, 1991). When the world of work acquires a relevant dimension in the constitution of the psyche, the category of intersubjectivity - and in it the workplace violence - plays a decisive role in the experiences of well-being or labor suffering, meaning or nonsense at work, as construction intra and intersubjective of the work life projects of the subjects. (Pérez Jáuregui, 2015, 2017, 2018). In this line of thinking, workplace violence has been conceptualized as one of the relevant topics to be considered from different scientific disciplines, due to its current place, addressed in the complexity of its construction and meaning. This article analyzes this problem in the world of work and organizations in the current context, from a phenomenological-existential approach, integrating the phenomenological descriptive reading and the hermeneutics of meaning. The author directs an investigation on "Life and Leadership Projects" within the framework of the Research Department (UCES), integrating various levels of analysis: the individual (referring to the subjective structuring of the subject), the group (the dynamics and type of interaction with other subjects in the labor world) and the organizational / social (culture, values and predominant features in the social context). In this research, special emphasis is placed on evaluating the interplay of these variables in the modalities of construction of work life projects, in which the problem of workplace violence plays a significant role generating suffering in the subjectivities involved. This article exposes the conceptual framework that gives reference support to ongoing research, deepening in a particular aspect of it, labor violence in the everyday world, analyzed from two readings: 1. Informative, descriptive (phenomenological), 2. Interpretive (Hermeneutics of meaning) 3. Mayéutica. (Saurí, 1982).

Theoretical developments have defined today's society as a society of fatigue in which the subject violates himself (Han, 2015) , experiencing as a form of existence a void of meaning (Frankl, 1991). When the world of work acquires a relevant dimension in the constitution of the psyche, the category of intersubjectivity - and in it the workplace violence - plays a decisive role in the experiences of well-being or labor suffering, meaning or nonsense at work, as construction intra and intersubjective of the work life projects of the subjects. (Pérez Jáuregui, 2015, 2017, 2018). In this line of thinking, workplace violence has been conceptualized as one of the relevant topics to be considered from different scientific disciplines, due to its current place, addressed in the complexity of its construction and meaning. This article analyzes this problem in the world of work and organizations in the current context, from a phenomenological-existential approach, integrating the phenomenological descriptive reading and the hermeneutics of meaning. The author directs an investigation on "Life and Leadership Projects" within the framework of the Research Department (UCES), integrating various levels of analysis: the individual (referring to the subjective structuring of the subject), the group (the dynamics and type of interaction with other subjects in the labor world) and the organizational / social (culture, values and predominant features in the social context). In this research, special emphasis is placed on evaluating the interplay of these variables in the modalities of construction of work life projects, in which the problem of workplace violence plays a significant role generating suffering in the subjectivities involved. This article exposes the conceptual framework that gives reference support to ongoing research, deepening in a particular aspect of it, labor violence in the everyday world, analyzed from two readings: 1. Informative, descriptive (phenomenological), 2. Interpretive (Hermeneutics of meaning) 3. Mayéutica. (Saurí, 1982).